{"id":1746,"date":"2013-12-08T23:32:31","date_gmt":"2013-12-08T21:32:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.devrearsiv.com\/?p=1746"},"modified":"2013-12-08T23:32:31","modified_gmt":"2013-12-08T21:32:31","slug":"bluetooth-nedir-ve-nerelerde-kullanilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/bluetooth-nedir-ve-nerelerde-kullanilir\/","title":{"rendered":"Bluetooth Nedir ve Nerelerde Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"bluetooth\"<\/p>\n

Kablosuz Ba\u011flant\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Son y\u0131llarda ad\u0131 s\u0131k\u00e7a duyulmaya ba\u015flanan Bluetooth nedir? Daha \u00e7ok bilgisayarlarla yaz\u0131c\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki kablonun yerini alaca\u011f\u0131 vurgulanan Bluetooth acaba daha ba\u015fka neler getirecek? Ne gibi uygulama alanlar\u0131 olabilir? Teknik altyap\u0131s\u0131 nas\u0131ld\u0131r? \u0130smi neden Bluetooth\u2019tur? Bu gibi sorular,\u00a0k\u0131sa ve anla\u015f\u0131labilir bir dille a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yan\u0131tlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n

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Bluetooth Nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bluetooth, kablosuz k\u0131sa mesafeli, ses ve veri haberle\u015fmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulmu\u015f ve standard \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 hala devam eden bir sisteme verilen add\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn pek \u00e7ok insan\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 televizyonlar\u0131n uzaktan kumandas\u0131, asl\u0131nda Bluetooth\u2019un atas\u0131 say\u0131labilir. Ancak aradaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck fark, \u015fu an kullan\u0131lmakta olan uzaktan kumandalar (TV vb.), IrDA (infra Red Data Association), k\u0131z\u0131l \u00f6tesi \u0131\u015f\u0131k ile veri ileti\u015fimini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Bluetooth\u2019da ise 2.4 GHz\u2019de radyo dalgalar\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla IrDA gibi do\u011frudan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f hatt\u0131 gerektirmemenin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bluetooth \u0130smi:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bluetooth ad\u0131, 940 ve 981 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan, Danimarka kral\u0131 Harald Blatand\u2019dan gelmektedir. Kral Blatand y\u00f6netimi s\u00fcresince \u00fclkesindeki insanlar\u0131n birbirleriyle konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yak\u0131nla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve Danimarka ile Norve\u00e7\u2019i birle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Asl\u0131nda bir Viking olan kral Blatand\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131 \u0130ngilizceye Bluetooth olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015f, k\u0131sa mesafeli haberle\u015fme sistemi fikrini ortaya atanlar taraf\u0131ndan bu sisteme, Kral Harald Bluetooth\u2019un an\u0131s\u0131na atfen, Bluetooth ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn, insanlar\u0131n birbirleriyle konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sal\u0131k veren ve Norve\u00e7 ile Danimarka\u2019n\u0131n birle\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan Kral Bluetooth\u2019un ad\u0131, cihazlar\u0131n birbiriyle haberle\u015fmesini ve bilgisayarlar ile telekom d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan sistemin ad\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bluetooth Fikri:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bluetooth fikri ilk kez 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ericsson firmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcndeme getirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk olarak cep telefonlar\u0131 ile diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayarlar\u0131 biribirine kablosuz olarak ba\u011flama d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, daha sonra mobil veri (data) kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00e7ok artaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcnce t\u00fcm k\u0131sa mesafeli veri ve ses haberle\u015fmesini i\u00e7erisine alacak bir sisteme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda, daha \u00f6nce mobil ses ileti\u015fimi geli\u015fiminde oldu\u011fu gibi, mobil veri ileti\u015fimininde yayg\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131na kesin g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fimin Bluetooth ile birlikte olaca\u011f\u0131 ise ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bluetooth \u00d6zel \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu (Bluetooth SIG):<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ster haberle\u015fme, isterse farkl\u0131 bir alan olsun, D\u00fcnya genelinde standartlar devletin kontrol\u00fcndeki belli kurumlar veya kar g\u00fctmeyen organizasyonlar taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir. \u00d6rne\u011fin Avrupa\u2019daki haberle\u015fme sistemlerinin standartlar\u0131 ETSI taraf\u0131ndan, Amerikadaki baz\u0131 standartlar ise ANSI taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise TSE pek \u00e7ok standard\u0131 belirler ya da ETSI gibi gruplar ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi yaparak bu standartlar\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Bluetooth ise bu konuda farkl\u0131 bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Geleneksel yap\u0131lanman\u0131n tersine Bluetooth standartlar\u0131 Bluetooth SIG (Special Interest Group) ad\u0131 verilen Bluetooth \u00d6zel \u0130lgi Grubu taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmektedir. Bu grup ilk olarak Ericsson, Nokia, IBM, Intel ve Toshiba taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015f, daha sonra bu gruba aralar\u0131nda Motorola, 3Com, Microsoft, Lucent, Qualcomm gibi dev firmalar\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131k 1500 firma kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu firmalar s\u00fcrekli bir i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedirler.<\/p>\n

Bluetooth standartlar\u0131, di\u011fer standartlar\u0131n aksine, t\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u00fccretsiz olarak herkese a\u00e7\u0131k standartlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bluetooth\u2019un Kullan\u0131m Alan\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bluetooth\u2019un kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 olabildi\u011fince geni\u015ftir. K\u0131sa mesafeli haberle\u015fmede hayal edilebilecek pek \u00e7ok \u015feye alt yap\u0131 sa\u011flayabilmektedir. Bir ka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek vermek gerekirse:<\/p>\n

–<\/strong>Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n, yaz\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n, farenizin kablolar\u0131n\u0131 atabilir, t\u00fcm\u00fcyle kablosuz ba\u011flat\u0131ya ge\u00e7ebilirsiniz,<\/p>\n

–<\/strong>Bluetooth ile donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f cep telefonunuzu \u00e7antan\u0131zda ta\u015f\u0131rken, kula\u011f\u0131n\u0131za tak\u0131l\u0131 olan kulakl\u0131k-mikrofon ile telefon konu\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 yapabilirsiniz,<\/p>\n

–<\/strong>Araban\u0131zla yolculuk ederken araban\u0131zda bir sorun oldu\u011funda Bluetooth\u2019lu araban\u0131z ve cep telefonunuz arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile araban\u0131z\u0131n t\u00fcm diyagnostik bilgilerini servise aktarabilir, hatta servisin ayn\u0131 altyap\u0131 \u00fczerinde araban\u0131za m\u00fcdahale etmesini sa\u011flayabilirsiniz,<\/p>\n

–<\/strong>Amerika\u2019da, t\u00fcm\u00fcyle Bluetooth altyap\u0131s\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015f olan \u201cHoliday Inn Hotel\u201din lobisinde otururken, cebinizden Bluetooth\u2019lu \u201ce-mail kalem\u201dinizi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p bir ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n \u00fczerine istediklerinizi yazip \u201cG\u00f6nder\u201d tu\u015funa basarak e-postan\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6nderebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

–<\/strong>Bluetooth\u2019lu araban\u0131zla Bo\u011faz K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcnden veya herhangi bir otoyol gi\u015fesinden beklemeden ge\u00e7i\u015f yaparken araban\u0131z gi\u015fe ile haberle\u015fip kredi kart\u0131n\u0131zdan gerekli \u00f6demeyi otomatik olarak yapabilir. Ayn\u0131 ara\u00e7la, ayn\u0131 i\u015flemi Avrupa gezisine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda da yapabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Daha pek \u00e7ok bunlar gibi pek \u00e7ok \u00f6rnekler verilebilir.<\/p>\n

Teknik Altyap\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bluetooth standard\u0131 10 metre uzakl\u0131\u011fa kadar ses ve veri haberle\u015fmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. Ancak opsiyon olarak bu uzakl\u0131k 100 metreye \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir. Haberle\u015fme radyo-link bir yap\u0131yla sa\u011flanmakta ve kanal ba\u015f\u0131na asimetrik 723.2 kbit\/sn, simetrik olarak ise 433.9 kbit\/sn\u2019lik veri haberle\u015fmesini, ayn\u0131 anda 64 kbit\u2019lik 3 adet senkron ses kanal\u0131n\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 anda bir adet senkron ses, bir adet asenkron veri kanal\u0131n\u0131 da destekleyebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Frekans band\u0131 2.4 GHz ile 2.48 GHz aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu band\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 lisanss\u0131z olup end\u00fcstriyel, bilimsel ve medikal (ISM) bant olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kanal say\u0131s\u0131 1 MHz\u2019lik aral\u0131klarla toplam 79 adet olmakla birlikte Fransa ve Japonya\u2019da 23 adedi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Giri\u015f tekni\u011fi olarak, Zaman B\u00f6lmeli \u00c7oklu Giri\u015f (TDMA, Time Division Multiple Access) tekni\u011finin bir t\u00fcrevi olan Zaman B\u00f6lmeli \u0130kileme (TDD, Time Division Duplexing) tekni\u011fi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7evre g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fclerine ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k olabilmesi i\u00e7in ise Frekans Atlamal\u0131 Yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Spectrum (FHSS, Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum) tekni\u011fini FM mod\u00fclasyonla birle\u015ftirerek kullanmaktad\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 frekans\u0131 saniyede 1600 atlama yapmakta, bir ba\u015fka de\u011fi\u015fle saniyede 1600 defa kanal de\u011fi\u015ftirmekte, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ortam g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan etkilenme asgari d\u00fczeye inmektedir. Temel band (Baseband) mod\u00fclasyonu olarak da GFSK (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying) mod\u00fclasyon tekni\u011fi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

RF (Radyo Frekans\u0131) \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc nominal 0dBm (1 mW), opsiyon olarak da 20dBm (100 mW) olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bluetooth\u2019un cihaz ba\u015f\u0131na hedef maliyeti ise 5 USD\u2019nin alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Evrensel Olarak Onaylanm\u0131\u015f Teknoloji<\/strong><\/p>\n

Her Bluetooth cihaz\u0131 tek ve e\u015fsiz bir kimli\u011fe sahiptir. Bluetooth teknolojisine sahip bir ekipman \u00e7evresinde Bluetooth \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip ba\u015fka ekipmanlar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Temas halinde, sistemlerin ba\u011flant\u0131 kurup kurmayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemeleri amac\u0131yla sistemler aras\u0131nda bir bilgi al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. \u0130lk kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda Bluetooth cihazlar\u0131 ki\u015fisel kimlik numaralar\u0131n\u0131 (Personal Identification Number \u2013 PIN) birbirlerine g\u00f6nderir. Bundan sonra, daha fazla te\u015fhis i\u015flemine gerek yoktur. Bir Bluetooth h\u00fccresi i\u00e7inde ayn\u0131 anda en fazla sekiz cihaz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir. \u00dcstelik her Bluetooth cihaz\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda farkl\u0131 h\u00fccreler i\u00e7inde aktif olabilir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong>\u00a0\u201dEricsson communication systems\u201d, November 2002, Turkey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kablosuz Ba\u011flant\u0131: Son y\u0131llarda ad\u0131 s\u0131k\u00e7a duyulmaya ba\u015flanan Bluetooth nedir? Daha \u00e7ok bilgisayarlarla yaz\u0131c\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1747,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[584,585],"aioseo_notices":[],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth-150x100.jpg",150,100,true],"medium":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"medium_large":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"large":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"covernews-slider-full":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"covernews-slider-center":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"covernews-featured":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"covernews-medium":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false],"covernews-medium-square":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bluetooth.jpg",236,100,false]},"author_info":{"display_name":"Ferhat \u00c7elik","author_link":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/author\/94ferhat\/"},"category_info":"Ders Notlar\u0131<\/a>","tag_info":"Ders Notlar\u0131","comment_count":"1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1746"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1746"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1748,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1746\/revisions\/1748"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}