{"id":2218,"date":"2014-03-12T19:35:27","date_gmt":"2014-03-12T17:35:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.devrearsivi.com\/?p=2218"},"modified":"2014-03-12T19:40:51","modified_gmt":"2014-03-12T17:40:51","slug":"16f84-16f84a-pic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/16f84-16f84a-pic\/","title":{"rendered":"16F84-16F84A P\u0130C"},"content":{"rendered":"


\n<\/span><\/a>Neden PIC16F84 ?<\/span><\/h1>\n

\"16f84pic\"<\/a><\/p>\n

PIC16F84<\/b>\u00a0Mikrodenetleyicisinin program belle\u011fi flash teknolojisi ile \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Bu teknoloji ile \u00fcretilen PIC lere defalarca program y\u00fcklenebilir, silinebilir. Flash belle\u011fe sahip PIC lerde (F) harfi; Flash belle\u011fi ifade eder.<\/div>\n
PIC16F84<\/b>\u00a0Mikrodenetleyicisi, mikrodenetleyici kullanmaya yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in ideal bir se\u00e7imdir.<\/div>\n
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\"16f84\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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PIC16F84, 8 bitlik bir Mikrodenetleyicidir, \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flevleri yerine getirmek amac\u0131yla toplam18 pini<\/b>\u00a0vard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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1,2,3,17,18<\/b>\u00a0numaral\u0131 pinler\u00a0A portu,<\/b><\/div>\n
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6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13<\/b>\u00a0numaral\u0131 pinler\u00a0B portu,<\/b><\/div>\n
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14<\/b>\u00a0numaral\u0131 pin pozitif besleme\u00a0(VDD)<\/b>,<\/div>\n
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5<\/b>\u00a0numaral\u0131 pin \u015fase\u00a0(VSS)<\/b>,<\/div>\n
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15,16<\/b>\u00a0numaral\u0131 pinler\u00a0osilat\u00f6r ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131<\/b>,<\/div>\n
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4<\/b>\u00a0numaral\u0131 pin ise\u00a0reset\u00a0<\/b>ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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PIC16F84 \u00fcn\u00a0A portu<\/b>\u00a05 bit<\/b>,\u00a0B portu<\/b>\u00a08 bittir<\/b>.
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PIC 16F84 \u00fcn Besleme Ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131:<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n
\"besleme\"<\/a><\/div>\n
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PIC16F84 e \u00a0+5 Voltluk<\/b>\u00a0pozitif besleme gerilimi\u00a014 numaral\u0131 (VDD)<\/b>\u00a0pininden uygulan\u0131r,<\/div>\n
\u015fase ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131\u00a0(-)\u00a0<\/b>ise\u00a05 numaral\u0131 (VSS)\u00a0<\/b>pinine ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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PIC e ilk enerji verildi\u011fi anda meydana gelebilecek \u00a0gerilim dalgalanmalar\u0131 nedeniyle istenmeyen ar\u0131zalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla\u00a0VDD ile VSS aras\u0131na 100 nF<\/b>\u00a0l\u0131k bir dekuplaj kondansat\u00f6r\u00fc ba\u011flamak gerekir.
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PIC16F84 \u00fcn Giri\u015f\/\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Portlar\u0131:<\/b><\/span><\/h1>\n

\"giriscikis\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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Giri\u015f\/\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Portlar\u0131;<\/b>\u00a0PIC16F84 e buton sens\u00f6r gibi giri\u015f birimlerinin ve Led, motor, gibi \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f birimlerinin ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131, PIC16F84 \u00fcn \u00e7evre birimleri ile ileti\u015fimini sa\u011flayan portlard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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PIC16F84 te\u00a05 adet\u00a0A Portu<\/b>,\u00a08 adet\u00a0B Portu<\/b>\u00a0olmak \u00fczere toplam\u00a013 adet\u00a0Giri\u015f\/\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Portu<\/b>bulunur.<\/div>\n
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PORTA y\u0131\u00a0TRISA<\/b>, PORTB yi\u00a0TRISB<\/b>\u00a0registeri kontrol eder. TRISA ve TRISB registerlar\u0131 portlar\u0131n giri\u015f veya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f olarak se\u00e7iminde kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.
\nBu registerlar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi\u00a01\u00a0<\/b>yap\u0131l\u0131rsa\u00a0giri\u015f<\/b>;<\/div>\n
0<\/b>\u00a0yap\u0131l\u0131rsa\u00a0\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f<\/b>\u00a0olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcrler.
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Reset ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131:<\/b><\/span><\/h1>\n

\"reset\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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PIC16F84 e y\u00fcklenmi\u015f herhangi bir program\u0131n i\u015flenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda sistemi\u00a0resetlemek<\/b>\u00a0i\u00e7in ise\u00a04 numaral\u0131 pin<\/b>\u00a0kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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4 numaral\u0131 (MCLR) pinine<\/b>\u00a0uygulanan gerilim\u00a00V<\/b>\u00a0olunca program\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u00a0ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 adresine<\/b>\u00a0d\u00f6ner.<\/div>\n
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Program\u0131n ilk adresten itibaren tekrar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in reset ucuna uygulanan gerilimin +5 V olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/div>\n
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\n<\/b>PIC16F84 \u00fcn Osilat\u00f6r Ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131:<\/b><\/span><\/h1>\n

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PIC16F84 \u00fcn herhangi bir program\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilmesi i\u00e7in\u00a0osilat\u00f6r frekans\u0131na<\/b>\u00a0ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Osilat\u00f6r ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in\u00a015 ve 16<\/b>\u00a0numaral\u0131 pinler kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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PIC16F84 te kullan\u0131lan osilat\u00f6r tipleri devrenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma frekans\u0131na g\u00f6re d\u00f6rt \u00e7e\u015fittir.<\/div>\n
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\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\n

RC osilat\u00f6r:<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\n

\"rc\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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Diren\u00e7 ve kondansat\u00f6rden olu\u015fan osilat\u00f6rd\u00fcr. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma frekans\u0131n\u0131n hassas olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygulamalarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Mikrodenetleyici devrelerde genellikle kristal (XT) veya RC osilat\u00f6rler kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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XT osilat\u00f6r:<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"xt<\/a>
\nKristal osilat\u00f6r veya resonat\u00f6r kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Zamanlaman\u0131n\u00a0hassas<\/b>\u00a0oldu\u011fu uygulamalarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"Kristal\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Kristal iki bacakl\u0131 bir elemand\u0131r. Kristalin bir baca\u011f\u0131 PIC16F84 \u00fcn\u00a015 numaral\u0131<\/b>\u00a0pinine,<\/div>\n
di\u011fer baca\u011f\u0131 ise\u00a016 numaral\u0131<\/b>\u00a0pine ba\u011flan\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu pinlerle \u015fase aras\u0131na birer mercimek kondansat\u00f6r ba\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\"resonator\"<\/a><\/div>\n

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Seramik resonat\u00f6rler i\u00e7erisinde kristal ve iki adet mercimek kondansat\u00f6r\u00fc haz\u0131r olarak bulunduran devre elemanlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Resonat\u00f6r kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; mercimek kondansat\u00f6r kullanmaya gerek kalmaz.<\/div>\n
Resonat\u00f6rlerin \u00fc\u00e7 baca\u011f\u0131 bulunur. Ortadaki bacak \u015faseye ba\u011flan\u0131r.\u00a0Di\u011fer iki bacak ise; y\u00f6nlerine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n\u00a015 ve 16. Pinlere<\/b>\u00a0ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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LP osilat\u00f6r:<\/b>\u00a0D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck frekansl\u0131 osilat\u00f6rlerdir.<\/div>\n
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HS osilat\u00f6r:<\/b>\u00a0y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 kristal veya resonat\u00f6r osilat\u00f6rlerdir.<\/div>\n

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PIC16F84 \u00fcn asgari donan\u0131m yap\u0131s\u0131:<\/b><\/span><\/h1>\n
\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n
\"asgaridonanim\"<\/a><\/div>\n
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\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n
Mikrodenetleyiciye hangi program y\u00fcklenirse y\u00fcklensin, PIC16F84 \u00fcn asgari donan\u0131m yap\u0131s\u0131 sabittir.<\/div>\n
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PIC16F84 \u00fcn\u00a0asgari donan\u0131m yap\u0131s\u0131<\/b>\u00a0a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ba\u011flant\u0131larla sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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