{"id":543,"date":"2013-07-11T15:04:54","date_gmt":"2013-07-11T12:04:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/devrearsiv.com\/?p=543"},"modified":"2013-09-23T11:49:23","modified_gmt":"2013-09-23T08:49:23","slug":"kondansatorler-ve-cesitleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/kondansatorler-ve-cesitleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Kondansat\u00f6rler ve \u00c7e\u015fitleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0130ki iletken levha aras\u0131na bir dielektrik madde konmas\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan devre eleman\u0131na kondansat\u00f6r denir.<\/p>\n

Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131:<\/strong>\u00a0Elektrik ve elektronik devreler i\u00e7in temel pasif devre elemanlar\u0131ndan biridir. Elektronikte iki kat aras\u0131nda kuplaj, by pass, dekuplaj, bloklama, ayar ve filtre eleman\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, g\u00fc\u00e7 katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesinde, bir fazl\u0131 motorlarda ilk hareketi sa\u011flamada ve kalk\u0131nma momentini art\u0131rmada kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1- Kondansat\u00f6r devreye uygulanan gerilimin maksimum de\u011feri ile \u015farj olur.<\/p>\n

2- Kondansat\u00f6r D.C ak\u0131m\u0131 ge\u00e7irmez, A.C ak\u0131m\u0131 \u015farj ve de\u015farj ak\u0131mlar\u0131 \u015feklinde ge\u00e7irir<\/p>\n

3- Kondansat\u00f6rler elektrik enerjisini y\u00fck \u015feklinde depo ederler.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KONDANSAT\u00d6R \u00c7E\u015e\u0130TLER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) Sabit de\u011ferli kondansat\u00f6rler<\/p>\n

B) Ayarl\u0131 (de\u011fi\u015fken de\u011ferli) kondansat\u00f6rler<\/p>\n

A) SAB\u0130T KONDANSAT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma \u00fcretimlerinde kullan\u0131lan dielektrik maddenin cinsine g\u00f6re olur.<\/p>\n

1. Seramik kondansat\u00f6rler<\/p>\n

2. Elektrolitik kondansat\u00f6rler<\/p>\n

3. Metalize kondansat\u00f6rler<\/p>\n

4. Mika kondansat\u00f6rler<\/p>\n

5. Di\u011fer kondansat\u00f6rler<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kutupsuz kondansat\u00f6r sembol\u00fc<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Resim: Kutupsuz mercimek kondansat\u00f6rler<\/p>\n

1. SERAM\u0130K KONDANSAT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu kondansat\u00f6rlerde dielektrik madde olarak seramik kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Seramik \u00fczerine eritilmi\u015f alarak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f tabakalar kutuplar\u0131 meydana getirir. Titanyum, baryum, titnat kondansat\u00f6rler de buna benzer oalrak yap\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Titanyum kondansat\u00f6r disk tipi ve t\u00fcp tipi olmak \u00fczere iki \u00e7e\u015fittir. Y\u00fcksek frekans kay\u0131plar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr. Baryum titinat kondansat\u00f6rler ise k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutta b\u00fcy\u00fck kapasite elde edilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan avantajl\u0131d\u0131r. Fakat kapasiteleri s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve nemden etkilenirler.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 devrelerde by pass kondansat\u00f6r\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131mda tercih edilir.<\/p>\n

2. ELEKTROL\u0130T\u0130K KONDANSAT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer kondansat\u00f6rlerden farkl\u0131 olarak kutupland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Pozitif kutup olarak oksitlendirilmi\u015f aliminyum, negatif kutup olarak normal aliminyum levha kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak alternatif ak\u0131mda kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in kutupsuz tipleri de vard\u0131r. Bunlarda her iki kutup da oksitlendirilmi\u015f aliminyum levha kullan\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutlu olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kapasiteleri b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ve al\u00e7ak gerilimli devrelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0\"\"\u00a0\"\"\u00a0\"\"
\n<\/strong>Kutuplu (elektrolitik) kondansat\u00f6r sembol\u00fc<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Resim: Devrede montajl\u0131 elektrolitik kondansat\u00f6rler<\/p>\n

3. METAL\u0130ZE KA\u011eIT KONDANSAT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu kondansat\u00f6rlerde vernikli ka\u011f\u0131ta metal buhar\u0131 \u00f6zel bir metodla kaplanarak kondansat\u00f6r levhalar\u0131 te\u015fkil ettirilir. Bu kondansat\u00f6rlerin en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi dielektrik denilse bile kendi kendini tamir edebilmesidir. Dielektrik delindi\u011fi zaman ge\u00e7ecek olan k\u0131sa devre ak\u0131m\u0131 noktadaki metalize ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinedeki metali buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu buhar yal\u0131tkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tekrar sa\u011flar. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma gerilimleri 100 ila 700V aras\u0131nda yap\u0131labilir. Kapasiteleri ise 1nF-20\u00b5F aras\u0131nda yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

4. M\u0130KA KONDANSAT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mika kondansat\u00f6rlerin iki tipi vard\u0131r. Birincisinde ince bir mika dielektrik olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130kincisinde ise bunlara ilave olarak metal y\u00fczeylere g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f film tabakas\u0131 ilave edilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar metalize mika kondansat\u00f6r ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f kaplanm\u0131\u015f mika kondansat\u00f6r olarak isimlendirilir. Is\u0131 katsay\u0131s\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131 diren\u00e7 ili\u015fkileri iyidir. Bu \u00f6zellikleri ile y\u00fcksek frekans ta kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

5. D\u0130\u011eER KONDANSAT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, titanyum myler, cam polistrin, polyester strol film kondansat\u00f6r \u00e7e\u015fitleri de mevcuttur.<\/p>\n

B) AYARLI KONDANSAT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ayarl\u0131 kondansat\u00f6rler, de\u011feri maksimum ve minimum aral\u0131klar aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilen kondansat\u00f6rlerdir. \u00dc\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fit ayarl\u0131 kondansat\u00f6r vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1.Varyab\u0131l Kondansat\u00f6r<\/p>\n

2.Trimer<\/p>\n

3.Varikap diyotlar<\/p>\n

1. VARYABIL KONDANSAT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kapasitenin devaml\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fmesi istenen al\u0131c\u0131 ve vericilerde akort eleman\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan kondansat\u00f6rler olup genellikle hava dielektriklidir. Birbirinden yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f iki madeni levha tak\u0131m\u0131ndan ibaret olup biri hareketli, di\u011feri ise sabittir.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nVaryab\u0131l kondansat\u00f6r sembolu<\/p>\n

2. TR\u0130MMER<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7e\u015fitli devrelerde kapasitenin ince ayar\u0131n\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Dielektrik malzemesi mika, seramik veya havad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nTrimmer sembol\u00fc<\/p>\n

3. VAR\u0130KAP D\u0130YOT<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ters polarmada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve polarma geriliminin ayar edilerek gerilimin setinin daralt\u0131l\u0131p geni\u015fletilmesiyle ayarl\u0131 kondansat\u00f6r olarak kullan\u0131lan diyotlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu diyotlarda kapasite uygulanan gerilimle ters orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak 2-100pF aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir. Uygulanan ters gerilim de\u011ferleri 20V ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rnek olarak BA 102 varikap diyotta 20 voltluk ters DC gerilimde kapasite 20pF iken bu gerilim 4 volta d\u00fc\u015ferse kapasita 45pF’a y\u00fckselir. Yap\u0131lar\u0131 normal diyotlar gibi olduk\u00e7a k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr. Ayarlanabilir di\u011fer kondansat\u00f6rlerin yerine kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tan\u0131m\u0131:\u00a0\u0130ki iletken levha aras\u0131na bir dielektrik madde konmas\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan devre eleman\u0131na kondansat\u00f6r denir. Kullan\u0131m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":483,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,22],"tags":[52,135,159],"aioseo_notices":[],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",500,350,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r-300x210.png",300,210,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",500,350,false],"large":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",500,350,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",500,350,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",500,350,false],"covernews-slider-full":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",500,350,false],"covernews-slider-center":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",500,350,false],"covernews-featured":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",500,350,false],"covernews-medium":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",486,340,false],"covernews-medium-square":["https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/kondansat\u00f6r.png",357,250,false]},"author_info":{"display_name":"Ferhat \u00c7elik","author_link":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/author\/94ferhat\/"},"category_info":"Ders Notlar\u0131<\/a> Malzeme Bilgisi<\/a>","tag_info":"Malzeme Bilgisi","comment_count":"1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/543"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=543"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/543\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1165,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/543\/revisions\/1165"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/483"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}