{"id":710,"date":"2013-08-04T14:55:36","date_gmt":"2013-08-04T11:55:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/devrearsiv.com\/?p=710"},"modified":"2013-08-04T14:55:36","modified_gmt":"2013-08-04T11:55:36","slug":"pil-durum-gostergesi-devresi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/pil-durum-gostergesi-devresi\/","title":{"rendered":"Pil Durum G\u00f6stergesi Devresi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"pil_durum_gostergesi-sch\"<\/a> \"pil_durum_gostergesi-pcb\"<\/a> \"malzemeli-calisir\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Devrenin Yap\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Devre iki tane BC547 transist\u00f6r\u00fcyle yap\u0131ld\u0131. VR1 ayarl\u0131 direnci ile pilin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm noktas\u0131 ayarlan\u0131yor. Q1 transist\u00f6r\u00fc ile devre, pilin voltaj de\u011ferine g\u00f6re iletime ge\u00e7iyor ve LED1 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ledi s\u00f6n\u00fcyor. Q1 transist\u00f6r\u00fc iletime ge\u00e7medi\u011fi zaman k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 LED1 ledi yan\u0131yor. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ledin yanmas\u0131 pilin enerjisinin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. Pilin enerjisinin de\u011feri yeterli ise k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k s\u00f6n\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Q1 transist\u00f6r\u00fcnden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z de\u011fere g\u00f6re Q2 transist\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc bir de\u011filleyici olarak kullan\u0131yoruz ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 led s\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ye\u015fil ledin (LED2) yanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yoruz. Burada VR2 (22K) ayarl\u0131 direncinin \u00fcslendi\u011fi fonksiyon \u00f6nem kazanmaktad\u0131r. De\u011feri b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ledin s\u00f6nme ve ye\u015fil ledin yanma aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olu\u015fan bo\u015fluk yok olmakta hatta \u00fcst \u00fcste binmektedir. De\u011feri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ise bu iki ledin s\u00f6nme ve yanmas\u0131 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bo\u015fluk olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum Q2 transist\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn iletime ge\u00e7me de\u011ferinin VR2 ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi ile olmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zellik ile devre yeni elemanlar ile d\u00fczenlenerek bir pil veya ak\u00fc \u015farj cihaz\u0131 olarakta kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Devrede kullan\u0131lan LED3 sar\u0131 ledi ise devrede voltaj oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in konmu\u015ftur. Bu Ledi s\u00fcren R6 direncinin de\u011feri ledin parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak 3K9 olarak se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Devre \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclecek voltaja ve kullan\u0131lan ledlere g\u00f6re ak\u0131m \u00e7eker. Bizim denemelerimizde 7.5 voltu \u00f6l\u00e7erken 25 mA ak\u0131m \u00e7ekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Pilin voltaj\u0131na g\u00f6re devrenin d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in devrede bulunan ayarl\u0131 diren\u00e7lerle ayar yapman\u0131z gerekmektedir. Denemelerimde 3 volttan 12 volta kadar olan voltaj aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 esas alarak yapt\u0131m. 12 Voltta ledlerin biraz parlak yand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu durumda R3 ve R5 diren\u00e7lerinin de\u011ferini y\u00fckselterek ayarlar\u0131 yeniden yapmak gerekmektedir. Uygun g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz takdirde 1K de\u011ferindeki R4 direncini iptal ederek k\u00f6pr\u00fcleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Devreye gelen b\u00fct\u00fcn ba\u011flant\u0131larda temas olay\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Krikodil, ma\u015fa, elle birle\u015ftirme gibi kullan\u0131labilecek temas noktalar\u0131nda olu\u015fan arklanma gibi durumlar devrenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda an\u0131nda hissedilmekte ve karars\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc olu\u015fmakatad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Ayr\u0131ca devrede kullan\u0131lan buton ve trimpotlar\u0131n (ayarl\u0131 diren\u00e7lerin) yeni ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131 da devrenin d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve karal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir. Denemelerimizde ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lan devrede herhangi bir karars\u0131zl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclecek pilin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm i\u00e7in herhangi bir devre ile ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funda pilin ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu cihaz\u0131n \u00e7ekti\u011fi ak\u0131mdan ve olu\u015fturdu\u011fu dalgalanmadan bizim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z devrenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n da etkilenece\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bizim devremiz pilin gerilimini \u00f6l\u00e7mektedir ve olas\u0131 gerilim de\u011fi\u015fikliklerinden etkilenmesi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca devre tasarlan\u0131rken pile s\u00fcrekl\u00fc bir \u015fekilde ba\u011fl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Pile ba\u011fl\u0131 devrenin pilden ak\u0131m \u00e7ekece\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu devreyi tasarlarken, devrenin ayarlama imkan\u0131 fazla olacak \u015fekilde olmas\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Sizler de ayarl\u0131 diren\u00e7lerin yerine uygun de\u011ferlerde sabit diren\u00e7ler kullanarak devreyi basitle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Devre\u00a0KiCad<\/a>\u00a0program\u0131 ile \u00e7izilmi\u015ftir. Ekteki \u015fema ve bask\u0131 devre dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in bu program\u0131n bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zda bulunuyor olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bask\u0131 devre haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken KiCad haz\u0131r k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinde bulunan buton k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi yerine MBUTTON ad\u0131nda yeni buton k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi haz\u0131rland\u0131m. MBUTTON.mod isimli bu dosya da eklerin i\u00e7indedir.<\/p>\n

\n

Malzeme Listesi:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Q1,Q2: BC547
\nD1,D2: 1N4148
\nR1,R2,R4: 1K 1\/4W
\nR3,R5: 470 Ohm 1\/4W
\nR6: 2K2 1\/4W
\nRV1: 10K 1\/4W
\nRV2: 22K 1\/4W
\nLED1: K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 LED 3mm
\nLED2: Ye\u015fil LED 3mm
\nLED3: Sar\u0131 LED 3mm
\nSW1: Buton
\nP1: Batarya giri\u015fi i\u00e7in 2 u\u00e7<\/p>\n

\n

iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Devrenin Yap\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: Devre iki tane BC547 transist\u00f6r\u00fcyle yap\u0131ld\u0131. VR1 ayarl\u0131 direnci ile…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,12],"tags":[99,177,202],"aioseo_notices":[],"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":"","covernews-slider-full":"","covernews-slider-center":"","covernews-featured":"","covernews-medium":"","covernews-medium-square":""},"author_info":{"display_name":"Ferhat \u00c7elik","author_link":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/author\/94ferhat\/"},"category_info":"Basit Elektronik Devreler<\/a> Elektronik Devreler<\/a>","tag_info":"Elektronik Devreler","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/710"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=710"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/710\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":714,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/710\/revisions\/714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=710"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devrearsivi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}